✨From Script Signs to Written Inscriptions✨

Translators and interpreters played a pivotal role in ancient Egypt, serving as essential links in facilitating communication and interaction with foreign peoples—especially as Egypt expanded its influence in trade, diplomacy, and military affairs.

The earliest known mention of the title "translator" (iʿw) dates back to the reign of King Sahure of the Fifth Dynasty in the Old Kingdom. Translators were vital in drafting and interpreting treaties, messages, and agreements, most notably the famous Egyptian-Hittite peace treaty during the reign of King Ramses II.

They were indispensable on trade and exploration missions, accompanying expeditions to distant regions such as Nubia, Punt, the Levant, and the Aegean Islands to ensure effective communication with local populations.

In military contexts, translators were crucial for helping Egyptian commanders communicate with foreign mercenaries, allies, and even defeated peoples, making them essential in military operations and border security efforts.

Their role was not limited to practical matters—they also significantly contributed to cultural exchange. Translators helped transmit ideas, customs, and knowledge between Egypt and neighboring civilizations, greatly enriching Egyptian society.

Administratively, they worked in the royal court and temples, managing foreign relations and translating messages from foreign envoys—underscoring their importance in maintaining the state’s stability and international relations.

*Want to learn more about how writing began?* Where did the first symbols come from, and how did they evolve into the languages we know today? Visit the temporary archaeological exhibition: *"Signs: From Script Signs to Written Inscriptions… Scribes and Writing Through the Ages,"* held at the Egyptian Museum in Cairo, Gallery 43 (Upper Floor).

The exhibition offers a fascinating journey through a unique collection of writing tools and inks used by our ancestors to record history, along with papyri samples showcasing various scripts, languages, and historical periods.

We look forward to welcoming you to this enriching cultural experience that will change how you see writing—and add so much more to your appreciation of it.